The fossil fish species Dunkleosteus terrelli has been named as the Fossil Fish of Ohio. It joins the ranks of other state symbols, such as the Buckeye tree and the cardinal, our state bird.

Dunkleosteus terrelli is the second fossil animal and third geologic state symbol to be added to Ohio’s list. In 1965, flint was named Ohio State Gemstone. In 1985, the large trilobite genus Isotelus, occurring in rocks exposed in southwestern Ohio, was named the State Invertebrate Fossil.

With an estimated length of up to 29 feet, the fearsome Dunkleosteus terrelli was part of a now extinct class of armored fish called placoderms. It was an apex predator during the latter part of the Devonian Period, also known as the Age of Fish, about 360 million years ago.

At that time, Ohio was located about 30 degrees south of the Equator, and submerged beneath an inland sea.

Some of the world’s best fossil specimens of Dunkleosteus terrelli have been collected in Lorain County and Cuyahoga County from a unit of rocks that geologists have named the Cleveland Shale. Many of these fossils reside in the collections of the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, where a reassembled skull on exhibit has acquired the nickname “Dunk.”

The Dunk had been a contender for a state symbol designation since at least the mid-1980s, when a group of Dayton-area schoolchildren and their teachers had lobbied to name Isotelus the State Invertebrate Fossil. To learn more about Dunkleosteus terrelli and other prominent Ohio fossils, visit the ODNR Division of Geological Survey website at Fossils in Ohio (ohiodnr.gov).